Avian influenza viruses (AIV) iboka remavhairasi anonyanya kutapurira shiri, asi anogonawo kubata vanhu nedzimwe mhuka.Hutachiona uhu hunowanzo wanikwa mushiri dzemusango dzemumvura, semadhadha nehanzi, asi hunogona kubata shiri dzinopfuyiwa dzakaita sehuku, matoki, nezvihuta.Hutachiona hunogona kupararira nemumafemero nemagayi uye hunokonzera hurwere hwakapfava kusvika kuhuipi hweshiri.
Kune marudzi akawanda echirwere che avian influenza, mamwe acho akakonzera kunyuka kwezvirwere mushiri nevanhu.Imwe yemhando dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa iH5N1, iyo yakatanga kuzivikanwa muvanhu muna 1997 kuHong Kong.Kubva ipapo, H5N1 yakakonzera kupararira kweshiri nevanhu muAsia, Europe, neAfrica, uye yakakonzera kufa kwemazana akati wandei.
Pakati pe23 Zvita 2022 na5 Ndira 2023, hapana nyaya nyowani dzehutachiona hwevanhu neavian influenza A (H5N1) virus yakashumwa kune WHO mudunhu reWestern Pacific. Utachiona hweA(H5N1) hwave
yakashumwa kubva kunyika ina mukati meWestern Pacific Region kubva muna Ndira 2003 (Tafura 1).Pakati pezviitiko izvi, 135 yakauraya, zvichiita kuti pave nemhosva yekufa (CFR) ye56%.Mhosva yekupedzisira yakataurwa kubva kuChina, ine zuva rekutanga re22 Gunyana 2022 uye yakafa musi wa 18 Gumiguru 2022. Iyi ndiyo nyaya yekutanga yeavian influenza A (H5N1) yakashumwa kubva kuChina kubvira 2015.
Imwe mhando yehutachiwana hweavian influenza virus, H7N9, yakatanga kuonekwa muvanhu muChina muna 2013. Kufanana neH5N1, H7N9 inonyanya kukanganisa shiri, asi inogona kukonzera kurwara kwakanyanya muvanhu.Kubva payakawanikwa, H7N9 yakonzera zvirwere zvakawanda muChina, zvichikonzera mazana ezvirwere zvevanhu uye kufa.
Avian influenza virus inobata hutano hwevanhu nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda.Chekutanga, hutachiona hunogona kuchinja uye kujairana nevanotambira hutsva, zvichiwedzera njodzi yedenda.Kana rudzi rwehutachiwana hweavian influenza hutachiona huchitapuriranwa zviri nyore kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu, hunogona kukonzera kubuda kwechirwere chepasi rose.Chechipiri, utachiona hunogona kukonzera kurwara kwakakomba uye rufu muvanhu.Nepo nyaya zhinji dzevanhu dzehutachiona hweavian influenza virus dzave dzakapfava kana kuti asymptomatic, mamwe marudzi ehutachiona anogona kukonzera chirwere chekufema zvakanyanya, kutadza kwenhengo, uye kufa.
Kudzivirira uye kudzora hutachiona hweavian influenza hunosanganisira kusanganiswa kwezviyero, kusanganisira kuongorora shiri dzakawanda, kubvisa shiri dzine utachiona, uye kubaiwa kweshiri.Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kuti vanhu vanoshanda neshiri kana vanobata shiri dzehuku vave nehutsanana hwakadai sekugeza maoko nguva nenguva uye kupfeka zvipfeko zvinodzivirira.
Muchiitiko chekubuda kwechirwere cheavian influenza, zvakakosha kuti vakuru vehutano vehurumende vaite nekukurumidza kudzivirira kupararira kwehutachiona.Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kugarisa vanhu vane hutachiwana pamwe nevavanoshamwaridzana navo, kuvapa mishonga yekurwisa hutachiona, uye kuita matanho ehutano hweveruzhinji sekuvharwa kwezvikoro nekukanzura kuungana kwevanhu.
Mukupedzisa, hutachiona hweavian influenza hunokanganisa hutano hwevanhu nekuda kwekugona kukonzeresa denda repasi rose uye kurwara kwakanyanya muvanhu.Nepo kuedza kuri kuitwa kudzivirira nekudzora kupararira kwehutachiona, kuenderera mberi nekuchenjerera uye kutsvagisa kwakakosha kudzikisa njodzi yedenda uye kuchengetedza hutano hweveruzhinji.
Source:https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/365675/AI-20230106.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-15-2023